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ASP.NET Interview Questions and Answers
Q. Could you please explain ASP.NET?
ASP is an abbreviation used for Active Server Pages. This is one server side technology which is offered by Microsoft for creating more dynamic and user friendly web page. There is also the use of different scripting languages that are generally advised for creating the web page which you is usually run on any browsers type. No doubt that it is a trending concept, but to revise it well, one must prepare the above mentioned interview questions.
Developed keeping the requirement of direct response to the issues in mind, this type of framework was made. With the help of such framework, it is possible for the developers to understand the use of classic ASP. Since, this framework is quite a lot in demand, there is no doubt that Microsoft has made sure that such script would execute without any kind of changes on the machine.
Q. Are there any benefits that can be availed from ASP.NET?
With the help of such framework there are some benefits that you are likely to get such as:
HTML and Code gets separated:
To ensure that there is a clean sweep, it becomes quite a lot convenient with ASP.NET to have the spate layout along with the business logic. It becomes a lot more convenient for the designers and programmer’s team to make sure efficient collaboration is done.
All compiled languages support:
It is possible for the developers to use VB.NET while accessing different features like object oriented programming. With the compilation of the language, it means that such pages don’t really suffer any kind of performance penalty with any kind of interpreted code.
Get the .NET Framework services:
Such type of framework offers the most class libraries which can be used by the application. There are some key classes that can help you with output, operating system services access and even the debugging or data access.
Other than this, there are few more advantages such as
Graphical Development Environment
State management
Upgrading the files while the server is running
XML-Based Configuration Files
Q. Is it possible to deploy the application without deploying the server source code?
It is certainly possible to do that with the help of process of new precompilation which is also known as ‘precompilation for deployment’. You can make the use of aspnet_compiler.exe to make sure that precompilation of the site is done. Besides, the process also builds every page in web application in a single one with DLL and other placeholder files.
Q. Does the performance gets affected by the ViewState? What could be the possible ideal ViewState Size?
The Viewstate generally stores the controls state in the HTML hidden fields. At times, such type of information may grow in size. Besides, it does affect the entire page responsiveness due to which the performance also gets affected. Ideally, the size of a View state should be not more than 30%. Besides, you can also compress it to almost 50% of the size.
Q. How to detect the tampering of the viewstate if done?
There is a setting called enable ViewstateMac which is available in the @Page directive. The attribute usually checks the encrypted and encoded viewstate which is generally used for tampering.
Q. Could explain the difference beteen custom controls and user controls?
The compile coding is called the custom control which is DLLs. It can easily be added to the toolbox so that you can easily use it across different projects with the help of drag and drop approach. However, in case of user control, the pages are similar to . aspx. If you compare them both, this one is quite easy to create however, it is coupled with the User Interface and code.
Q. Could you explain the viewstate concept in ASP.NET?
To make sure that the state between the post backs is well maintained, ASP.NET offers a mechanism which is called view state. There are hidden form fields which are used for storing the objects store on the client section and are returned back to the server as soon as the postback occurs.
Q. Define View State?
This is one approach rather a way by which it is possible to preserve the page value and control between the round trips. This is one page level state technique of management. It is generally turned on by default and is serialized as per the data in every page control irrespective of whether it is used during the post back or not.
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Q. Explain the Features of View State?
With the help of viewstate, you can:
1. Retain the control value right after the post back is done without any help of session
2. It helps to store the pages value and control the properties
Q. Are you aware about the benefits of View State?
Since, this is one extremely easy options, it allows you with ample of benefits such as:
1. It offers easy implementation solution
2. There is no need of any resource
3. This concept is contained in a structure within the loading of the page
4. It offers between security features for Unicode implementation
Q. Where can the fully loaded controls be made?
Generally page load is an event which makes user that all the controls are loaded entirely. The controls are well accessed in Page_Init events, but you may also notice that it is not completely loaded in view state.
Q. Is there any way to identify that the Page is Post Back?
There is a page object which comes with the property called ‘IsPostBack’. It is usually checked to make sure that page is well posted back.
Q. Is there any different between the items lifespan which gets stored in the ViewState?
The items that gets stored in the ViewState live until the lifetime of current page expires. It also includes the postback to be made on the same page
Q. Are there any types of ASP.NET authentication? If yes, what are they?
It is generally available in three categories which is:
1. Windows Authentication
2. Passport Authentication
3. Forms Authentication
Q. Are there any session that states the modes?
Generally there are different session which are supported such as
In process: it is a default approach which stores the session at the local level itself
StateServer mode: It helps to store the session state in the process except for the on where application is running.
Q. How to Access the information about the locale of the suer?
It is possible to get the user's locale information with the help of System.Web.UI.Page.Culture property.
Q. Explain the difference between SQL notification and invalidation?
The cache notification of SQL generates the notification when the database changes. In case of invalidation there is a cached item which is invalid and when the data gets stored in a SQL server there is a change in the database.
Q. Is there a parent class of the web server control?
There is which is called as the System.Web.UI.Control. It is the parent call of different web server controls.
Q. Is it possible to set up the right type of comparison for performing with the help of CompareValidator control?
Certainly, it is possible for which the setting needs to be done with the Operator property of the CompareValidator control.
Q. Which is the base class from where the web forms are inherited?
It is the page class from where the web forms are inherited.
Q. Could you explain the different validators in ASP.NET?
Summary Validator
Range Validator
Custom Validator
Required field Validator
Compare Validator
Regular expression Validator
Q. Could you explain about the term ‘Caching’?
This is one technique which is generally used for increasing the performance by keeping the accessed data frequently or may be in the memory files. The request for the data will then be accessed from the caches as a substitute to actual location of that file.
Q. Know the different types of caching?
It is categorized into three types called
1. Fragment Caching,
2. Data Caching
3. Output Caching,
Q. Is it possible to add the code files of different languages in the App code folder?
It is not possible as you expect since the code file needs to be in the same language and should be kept in the App_code folder.
Q. Can you explain about the Protected Configuration?
It is nothing but a feature or say benefit for securing the strong information.
Q. Could you explain about Cross Page Posting?
Once we click on the section called the submit button which you see on the web page, the page would then post the data on the similar page. The technique where the data is posted to different pages is called the posting done in Cross page. You can get it by setting the POSTBACKURL property which actually causes the post back.
Q. Do you know how passport authentication works?
If you understand the process in a systematic manner, then it shall not be difficult for you to get the results. Of all things, first it is important to make sure there is cookie of the passport authentication which is checked well. In case, the cookie is not available then there will be redirection of the application that would be made on page. The Passport service authenticates the information of the user on the sign on page. In case, it gets valid then the authenticated cookie will get stored up well on the client machine and then the user will be redirected to the page that has been requested.
Q. Are you aware about the benefits of Passport authentication?
It is possible to access the website with the help of single login credentials. It is certainly nothing that you need to remember when it comes to website credentials. Besides, it is also possible for the users to maintain their information in the solo location.
Q. What is the role based security?
It is used for implementing the security depending on the roles that are assigned to the group’s users in the organization. It then allows or even denies the users depending on the organization role. It generally defines different built in groups that also include the guests, users and administrators.
Q. What is the difference between strong typing and weak typing?
Not every is really aware about the concept of asp.net and the difference between many techniques that may sound almost similar. However, since ASP.NET is the Microsoft Active Server Pages(ASP) successor, the use of ASP.Net is quite a lot in demand. it more basically develops the web sites and gives successful result. Moving onto the different between strong and weak typing there are quite many. But the most highlighting one is that under Strong type, the data types of variable are well checked at the some of complications. On the other hand, there is a weak type in which the variable data types are checked at the time. In case, there is a strong typing, you don’t really have to worry about the error of complication. In case the script is weak, there are some issues that may arise.
Generally the above mentioned questions are asked at the time of interview of the experienced and fresher candidates. It is available in different page extensions. You can view it in the Microsoft which most of the web site development based companies actually uses such as vb, XML, ascx, aspx and ashx to name a few.
Q. What is ASP.Net MVC?
The ASP.NET MVC is a framework for developing web based application using general Model View Controller pattern in ASP.NET. It provides an alternative to ASP.NET Web Forms pattern. It is a very powerful and efficient way to separate the concern with in an application. The MVC pattern has following main components:
- Model:The Model represents a set of classes that describes the data you are working with and business logic. It also defines the business rules for how the data can be changed and manipulated.
- The View:The View transforms a model or models into UI. The view is responsible for displaying the data that is received from the controller as the result.
- The Controller:The Controller is responsible for controlling the overall application logic and acts as a coordinator between the View and the Model.
Q. What is Razor?
Razor is a view engine. View engine is responsible for rendering the HTML page view to the browser. It is an advanced view engine, introduced with MVC3. Razor syntax are advanced, compact and easy to learn. By default ASP.NET MVC supports two view engines: ASPX and Razor.
Q. What is ViewData and ViewBag?
ViewBag and ViewData are two options which are used to pass information from controller to view in ASP.Net MVC. Both have short life. Short life means value of both becomes null when redirection occurred. This is because their purpose is to provide communication between views and controllers.
Q. How many types of ASP.NET are currently released?
The current version of ASP.NET is at 4.0; previous versions include 1, 1.1, 2.0 and 3.5. The current version is more concentrated on AJAX and LINQ. Version 3.0 of ASP.NET does not exist.
Q. What does ASP.NET 2.0 improve over the previous version?
ASP.NET 2.0 improves by adding new features such as: master pages, new controls, themes, security, profiles and more.
Q. What does ASP.NET AJAX do?
ASP.NET AJAX gives the user a great deal of options that help integrate AJAX into normal ASP.NET pages. It ensures that users can write more powerful JavaScript.
Q. What is LINQ and what does it do?
LINQ means Language Integrated Query and is an extension to the C# and VB languages. It allows for writing of these languages codes that manipulate in-memory data just like querying a database.
Q. Do current web browsers support ASP.NET 3.5? What is the role of ASP.NET in web development?
Yes, Current browser versions fully support ASP.NET 3.5(IE 5, Opera 7.6, Safari 1.2 and Firefox 1.0). ASP.NET is designed to provide a client callback feature that handles some of the work web browsers should handle.
Q. Is ASP.NET 3.5 a full ASP.NET version?
No ASP.NET 3.5 is designed to add features over the 2.0 version and the most important ones are: CLR and WCF. New 3.5 version list of important assemblies consists of:
a) System – core;
b) Data.Linq;
c) data.DataSetExtension;
d) Xml.Linq and
e) Web.Extensions – dll.
Q. How do you add ASP.NET into a web site?
After creating a new web site you can add ASP.NET by going to the option menu, selecting add new item; you then select web form and enter the value FirstPage.aspx.
Q. What are web forms and what do they do?
Web forms allow the creation of a web based application that uses the same interface as Windows applications.
Q. What is page processing?
Page processing allows ASP.NET to execute the web server on the server by a technique called postback. It also enables ASP to create a seamless user experience where web applications are stateless.
Q. How are controls handled in ASP.NET?
Controls are placed in a tag that is marked with the runat=”server” attribute, thus allowing the user to work on the server side of the application.
Q. What is the ASP.NET event model?
ASP.NET provides a change to the linear processing model because of its event driven model. By providing, each event handler with a discrete method, the page code becomes organized and clean.
Q. How do the events in ASP.NET function?
The events allow ASP.NET to create pages and control objects so that the newly created page can run smooth; it also triggers a postback and intercepts the returned page recreating the page objects; it then checks the operations triggered by the postback and finally renders the HTML page and returns it to the client.
Q. What is the view state mechanism in ASP.NET?
To deal with the limitations of HTML, ASP has an integrated state serialization mechanism. It means that properties of a certain page that get changed enable ASP to make notes and keep track of them.
Q. Does ASP.NET follow the rules of XHTML?
Yes. The core ASP controls follow the XHTML rules and to make sure the page is compliant with XHMTL the users have to make sure the static content they add follows these rules.
Q. How does the user code initialize?
It is done by using the Page.Load event in the stage of processing of a page. This event always sets off no matter if the page is being requested for the first time or part of a postback.
Q. Does ASP.NET include validation controls?
Yes it does. These controls fire before a page is loaded but before the actual events take place. By having the validation controls self-sufficient ASP.NET does not make it mandatory for the user to respond to them.
Q. What is the Response object in ASP.NET?
The Response object is an instance of the System.Web.HttpResponse class and is the server’s response to a class. It provides important functionality: cookie features and the Redirect () method.
Q. What is the Server object?
The Server object is an instance of the System.Web.HttpServerUtility class and it provides miscellaneous methods and properties that help the web server.
Q. What is the User object?
The User object shows information about the user making a request to a web server and it allows the users to see the user’s role membership by implementing the System.Security.Principal.IPrincipal.
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