How does genetic algorithm work?

Genetic algorithms of Artificial intelligence can be an extraction of real biological evolution. You can use the genetic algorithms to get solutions for many problems. The first thing you need a way to encode solutions in a vector (a string of values). Let's imagine if you want to evolve a bridge structure, for this you need a mapping from a collection of numbers, to a bridge design. There are many creative ways to do this, but you need something that is robust. So, the genetic algorithms will make evolution easier.