IBM WebSphere ESB Interview Questions

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Top IBM WebSphere ESB Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is ESB?

An enterprise service bus (ESB) is a software architecture for middleware that provides fundamental services for more complex architectures. For example, an ESB incorporates the features required to implement a service-oriented architecture (SOA).

In a general sense, an ESB can be thought of as a mechanism that manages access to applications and services (especially legacy versions) to present a single, simple, and consistent interface to end-users via Web- or forms-based client-side front ends.

Q2. What is the functionality of Fan-in and Fan-out?

Fan-out: We can use the Fan Out primitive to fire the output terminal once (with the input message) or fire the output terminal multiple times. You can use Fan Out in isolation or as part of a Fan-Out and Fan In combination.

Fan-In: Fan-In is always partnered with a Fan-Out in the same flow and acts as a decision point for when to continue flow execution. It receives a number of messages until a decision point is reached, at which point the last message to be received is propagated to the output terminal. The Fan In primitive may only be used in combination with Fan-Out. 

Q3. What are all the configurations required for JDBC Adapter implementation?

Data sources need to be created and need to configure with DB. If we have security, then need to created security authentication.

Q4. Different between SDO and SMO?

SDO: Service Data Object is the representation of the variable or Object.

SMO: The SMO model is a pattern for using SDO Data Objects to represent messages

Q5. Difference between Stop and fail?

Stop: Stops a particular path in the flow, without generating an exception.

Fail: Generates a failure in the flow.

Q6. How can you change the runtime changes using mediation primitive?

We have a future called Promotable properties in ESB. We can configure this future while developing. Then we can make it changed at runtime without restarting the server it can be published.

Q7. What are all the Primitives used in Mediation?

We have different types of primitives in mediation.

• Message Filter
• Type Filter
• Endpoint Lookup
• Service Invoke
• Fan-out
• Fan-in
• XSLT
• BO Map
• Message Element Setter
• DB lookup
• Data Handler
• Custom Mediation
• Header Setters
• Message Logger
• Even Emitter
• Stop
• Fail
• Sub Flow

Q8. Difference between BO Map and XSLT?

Both are used to manipulate and transfer the message.

Performance with XSLT or BO Maps depends on a number of factors including:

1. An XSLT map is fastest when processing web services messages and the incoming data is unmodified between the entrance to the mediation flow and the XSLT primitive.
2. A BO map can be faster when the message content has already been accessed in the mediation flow.

Q9. What is SMO? And wt it contains?

The SMO model is a pattern for using SDO Data Objects to represent messages. The SMO contains a representation of the following groups of data:

1. The business payload of the message. The payload is the application data exchanged between service endpoints.
2. Header information associated with the message. For example, Java Message Service (JMS) headers if a message has been conveyed using the JMS API.
3. Context information (data other than the message payload).

Q10. What is Shared, Transient, and Correlation Context?

Shared Context: Context is a temporary area that is created along with   Service Message Object (SMO) in the Mediation Flows. Shared Context is a type of context which is present in the SMO. Shared Context is mainly used when we are using the Aggregation process where we need to Iterate the BO for Certain times.

Shared Context maintains Aggregation data between Aggregation (FanOut and FanIn) primitives. The Content (data) which is present in the shared context BO does not persist across Request and Response flows i.e The Data in the Shared Context which is used in Request flow can not be used again in Response flow.

Transient Context: Used for passing values between Mediation primitives within the current flow — either the request flow or the responses flow. The transient context cannot link requests and responses and hence cannot be used across.

Used when you want to save an input message before a service invokes a call(within a request or response flow). After the services invoke call, the next primitive can create another message by combining the service invoke a response and the original message stored in the transient context.

Correlation Context: Used when Mediation primitives want to pass values from the request flow to the response flow. Used to pass values from the request message onto the response.

Q11. Difference between Callout and Service Invoke?

Service Invoke: The Service Invoke primitive is used to make a service request in either a request or response mediation flow. The service may be Request/Response or One-Way. Multiple instances of the Service Invoke primitive are permitted in a flow, allowing a series of service invocations to be performed. 

Callout: The Callout receives the message and calls the requested service and operation. There is a Callout node for each connected target operation in the mediation flow.

1. If the call is successful, the Callout Response node in the response flow receives the response message.
2. If the call is unsuccessful, the Callout can be set to retry service invocations depending on the type of fault received.

Q12. How can you implement a loop in mediation?

By using Fan-in and Fan-out primitive.

Q13. How can you change the runtime changes using mediation primitive?

We have a future called Promotable properties in ESB. We can configure this future while developing. Then we can make it changed at runtime without restarting the server it can be published.

Q14. What are all the configurations required for JDBC Adapter implementation?

Data sources need to be created and need to configure with DB. If we have security, then need to created security authentication.

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