In this tutorial, you will learn about the Postman testing tool. The Postman testing tool is used for testing APIs(Application Programming Interface) of a software application. As the number of webs and mobile applications increases, API testing is also increasing. So, we have to learn postman testing for testing APIs.
In this Postman tutorial, we will start from the basics of Postman and learn all the major Postman concepts that a Postman professional must be aware of. Now, let’s have a look at the components of this tutorial.
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Postman is a software testing tool used for API Testing. API(Application Programming Interface) enables software applications to interact with each other.
API is defined as a collection of functions, procedures, and other Access Points that a program or an operating system makes accessible to developers to allow it to communicate with other software applications.
Postman is used for API Testing due to the following reasons:
1. Availability
After installing Postman into your system, you can use it anywhere by just logging into your account.
2. Make use of collections.
In Postman, users can create collections for their corresponding API calls. Every collection will create multiple and subfolder requests. This assists in arranging the test suites.
3. Collaboration
Environments and Collections are imported and exported to enhance file sharing.
4. Test Creation
Verification of successful HTTP response status is added to each API for testing checkpoints.
5. Continuous Integration
Postman can support Continuous Integration. Development procedures are carried out according to that.
6. Automation Testing
By using Collection Runner Newman, we can run tests in multiple iterations to reduce the time for iterative tests.
7. Debugging
To Debug the tests efficiently, the postman console assists in monitoring what data has been retrieved
The features of Postman are as follows:
After installing Postman Successfully, we can start API Testing by making HTTP requests to the server.
Related Article: Learn API Testing |
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used to allow communication between servers and clients. It acts as a request-response protocol between the client and the server. The web browser is considered a client, and the application that hosts the website is viewed as a server.
The most popular HTTP methods are as follows:
Testing GET Requests
Let us test the APIs and to test the API we have to make a GET request. The procedure for the GET request is as follows:
Testing POST Requests
For example, if we want to create a user or delete a Gmail user, we will use the POST method. In the Post request, we will send some data in the request body and API will send data in response to that.
The procedure for creating a POST Request
Request Parameterization
It is one of the essential features of Postman. Rather than making the same requests with different data, we can use variables for parameters. Parameterization helps in avoiding the repetition of similar tests.
Steps to be followed for creating parameterized get request
Creating Postman Tests
Postman tests are developed using javascript, and they are included in tests to check results like failed or successful status and expected results comparison.
Steps to be followed for creating Postman Tests
Step 1) First go to Get user request.
Step 2) Move to the test tab.
Step 3) When you go to the snippets section, click on "Status code: Code is 200".
Step 4) When you click send, the test result will be displayed.
Step 5) After returning to the tests tab, we will add another test and compare the expected result with the actual result.
Step 6) In Postman, we can create different types of tests, depending upon the requirement to select the test.
Postman is a freeware testing tool used for testing APIs. As APIs are used for software interaction, testing them is essential before delivering the product. It supports the continuous integration of the development code. It supports every method of the HTTP request so, that we can test any URL.
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Ravindra Savaram is a Technical Lead at Mindmajix.com. His passion lies in writing articles on the most popular IT platforms including Machine learning, DevOps, Data Science, Artificial Intelligence, RPA, Deep Learning, and so on. You can stay up to date on all these technologies by following him on LinkedIn and Twitter.