Testing APEX In Salesforce

Testing is an incorporated portion of the Apex, or in any software development. In Apex, we will have individual test classes for developing unit test cases. Testing is vital for successful software development. Several experts suggest that we should use a test-driven development process. The code developed should be tested instantly. So, those errors can be minimized.

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Apex Testing

Need for Apex Testing

If you are developing a software product for end-users, then testing is the key aspect of the success of that product. Testing is used to test the given product, whether it is working according to the expectations or not. Two methods for testing an application: one way of testing is with the help of the salesforce user interface. 

Testing through the salesforce user interface makes the product testing from different perspectives. Another way of testing is testing bulk services, and you can send 200 records with the help of this code if you called through SOAP API. To implement the applications for salesforce App exchange, the following rules should be satisfied.

Observe the following:

• Unit tests must conceal a minimum of three-by-fourth of our code; all these tests must be completed efficiently.
• While implementing the application in a production enterprise, every unit test in the enterprise namespace is implemented automatically.
• Invoking system.debug is not considered as a component of apex code.
• Test classes and Test methods are not considered as a component of apex code.
• Each trigger should have a precise testing scope.
• All of the triggers and classes must be compiled successfully.

What is Tested in Apex

Salesforce develops tests for the following:

1. Single Action

It is tested to check whether an individual record generates the appropriate or expected result.

2. Bulk Actions

Any Apex code like a class or a trigger or extension can be called for 1 to 200 records. You should test individual or Bulk records.

3. Positive Behaviour

It is tested to check whether the assumed behavior happens in every assumed mutation.

4. Negative Behaviour

This behavior is considered as a restriction to the applications like cannot indicate a negative amount, cannot include future data, etc. 

5. Restricted user

It is used to test whether the user implements the code or gets error messages.

Apex Unit Test

To ease the development of strong and flawless code, Apex endorses the execution and creation of unit tests. Unit tests are considered as class methods that test whether a specific part of code is working accurately. Methods of Unit tests will have no arguments, will not save data to the database. Unit tests should be specified in the test classes, that are written with “@isTest”.

Unit Tests Example

@isTest

Private class mindmajix {

Static void testing1() {

Program statements

}
}

Example1:

Private class Mindmajix

{

@istest static void test_1

{
  Test code to be executed.

}

@istest static void test_2

{

Test code to be executed.

}
}

Test Data

Apex test data is temporary and not saved in the database. After executing the test method, the inserted data is not saved in the database. All the modifications done to the available records are not saved or committed in the database. The temporary behavior of test data eases data management.

Running unit tests

To verify the utility of the apex code, we will run the unit tests. We will run the apex test methods in the developer console.

We may run the following groupings of test cases:

1. Few or total all test methods in a particular class.
2. Few or full methods in a group of classes.
3. An inbuilt collection of classes called a test suite.
4. Complete unit tests in the organization.

We can run the unit tests through the following:

1. Salesforce user interface
2. Salesforce expansions through visual studio code.
3. API
4. Lightning Platform Developer Console.

Running Unit tests through the Salesforce Interface:

Frequently Asked Salesforce Interview Questions & Answers

Steps for Running Unit Tests are as follows:

1. In the Setup, type “Apex Test Execution” in the “Quick Find Box”, then choose Apex Test Execution.

2. Press “select Tests”.

3. Choose the tests to run. The catalogue of tests contains simply classes that comprise test methods:

• To choose a test within an installed package, choose a namespace of a managed package from the fold-out list.
• To choose a test that is present at the local level of your enterprise, choose [My Namespace] from the fold-out list.
• To choose a test, select [All Namespaces] from the fold-out list.

4. To withdraw from gathering code coverage data while running tests, choose “Skip Code Coverage”.

5. Press Run.

Conclusion

In every software development, testing plays a crucial role to make it successful. In Apex also, testing is necessary to test the functionality of the product. In Apex we will check the behavior and actions of the product. We will have specific methods and classes to implement unit tests. Unit tests make the code error-free. In this way, we will test the apex code to develop a successful software product.

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