AWS SysOps is one of the well-known names in the field of Cloud Computing. To start your AWS SysOps career, you'll need to set some interviews and ace them. In that spirit, here are some AWS SysOps interview questions and answers to aid you in your interview preparation from basic to advanced.
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Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a proprietary brand of Amazon which provides secure cloud computing services. It offers cloud computing, databases, storage facilities, content deliveries, and many other states of art services to businesses of any scale. Business organizations can concentrate on customer acquisition and retention rather than concentrating on data management. This new system of cloud computing is also known as IaaS or Infrastructure as a Service.
Buffer synchronizes different components of services and makes necessary arrangements to provide elasticity to serve a sudden outburst in the traffic. Components are generally prone to traffic and become very unstable while receiving and processing requests. Buffer creates a balance within various components to provide services without sluggishness.
The most efficient way of securing data is to monitor it while moving from one point to another. Leakages in security keys within the number of the storeroom in the cloud should be closely monitored. Segregating the information and encrypting them with one of the approved methods in one of the nest methods to stop pilferage of data. Amazon Web Services provides a very secure form of data management within the cloud.
Related Article: DevOps Vs SysOps
Following are the list of the layers in cloud computing:
1. PaaS – Platform as a Service
2. IaaS – Infrastructure as a Service
3. SaaS – Software as a Service
Amazon Web Services consists of various Components as stated below:-
1. Route 53: It’s a simple DNS-based web service.
2. Amazon S3: With this component, key information necessary in creating structural designs and generating any other amount of data produced is stored in consequence of the key specified.
3. Amazon EC2: This component runs efficiently on a large distributed system on a Hadoop Cluster. Parallelization is on an automatic mode and scheduling of tasks can be achieved through this component efficiently.
4. Amazon SQS: Mediator between different controllers. It also acts as a cushion as and when required.
5. Amazon Simple DB: Stores the transitional position logs and errors executed by its consumers.
6. Cloudwatch: Monitors Amazon Web Services resources and allows administrators to view and collect keys.
The capability to enhance the performance to complete the tasks in hand with the available resources is known as Scalability, whereas the capability of the system to work in its full capacity is known as flexibility. Amazon Web Services can scale its services as and when required apart from being flexible by augmenting its supplementary hardware properties.
1. CC – Cluster Controller
2. SC – Storage Controller
3. CLC – Cloud Controller
4. Walrus
5. NIC – Node Controller
One of the most remarkable features in Amazon Web Services is when it allows you to organize and artificially stipulate on its own and spins up new problem-solving methods without requiring your involvement. It can be achieved by setting the brinks and metrics on a watch.
API tools that are normally used for writing scripts are being used for spinup services. These can be scripted in Perl, bash or any other language preferences. Tools like Scalr are also used other than controlled ones like RightScale.
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It is one of the most credible characteristics of Amazon Web Services. Spinup should be the last line of defense. We should increase the instance and separate the root EBS volume and remove it from this server. The distinctive device ID should be noted down and appended to the new server and the machine should be started again. This is the most efficient method to scale up vertically in Amazon Web Services.
If an instance is closed, it functions as usual power cut and changes over to a clogged position. If the instance gets terminated it performs like a total blackout and the attached volumes will be removed except the volumes delete on termination characteristic is set to zero.
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a service that provides scalable computing services on the cloud and can be used to launch as many virtual services on need.
It has the following features:-
1. Virtual Computing Environments
2. Pre Configured Templates for Instances
3. Complete packages needed for the server in the form of AMI
4. Secure Login Information for Instances using key pairs
5. Storage volumes for temporary data are deleted when instances are terminated.
6. It provides persistent storage volumes.
7. Firewall enabling you to specify the protocol
8. The static IP address for dynamic cloud computing known as elastic IPs
Amazon Web Services provides various methods to access Amazon EC2. Web-based interface, Amazon Web Services command line interface and Amazon tools for windows Powershell. For this one has to sign up for an Amazon Web Services account to access the Amazon EC2. From a single AMI, many instances can be launched. An instance typically symbolizes the hardware of the host computer. Each instance type offers different computing and memory capabilities.
Amazon EC2 provides four options for data storage depending upon its performance and durability.
1. Amazon EBS – data storage volume is independent of the running life of the instance. It’s just like accessing an external hard disk drive on the cloud.
2. Amazon EC2 Instance store – Storage volume that is attached to the host computer. The data on the instance store is available only till the life of the instance and if you terminate it, the data is lost forever.
3. Amazon S3 – the most reliable and inexpensive option for accessing and modifying data from anywhere anytime.
4. Adding storage - Evert time we launch an instance a root storage device is created for that instance.
>> Using Amazon Web Services we can achieve identity and the access
>> We use Management control to access your resources
>> Restricted accesses from trusted networks are allowed to access the ports on your instance.
EBS is a virtual storage area network (SAN) which means it is RAID storage and is redundant-free and fault-tolerant. If the disk is corrupt, then data is not lost as it has been virtualized. It can be managed on its own and no need to call storage experts for services. The data can be recovered and reinstalled as & when necessary.
It's just like FTP services, where you can move files to and fro but cannot mount them. S3 can be used for storing and retrieving data from anywhere and anytime using the web. Most of the organization stores data like documents and other images here. We can pay for the S3 service as we required.
Simple Storage Service is a proprietary service of Amazon and a security point of view is yet to be proven. Sensitive data can be encrypted as per the need of the organization.
Building an AMI can be initiated by spinning up an instance on a trusted AMI. Then we can add up the packages and components as required. For instance, the access credentials have to be put into a database after launching the instance. On-screen guidance is also available after each and every step through dialogue boxes.
In earlier days when the server was just started to be found necessary for cooperates, many system administrators prefer manually configuration of the servers as the software was made prior to the era of version control. That’s why each and every server is slightly different than the other. This technique of manual configuration of servers is being practiced for a long but somehow it wasn’t popular.
Configuration Management was applicable to physical servers for hosting their websites locally and was needed to upgrade as per the requirement of the software version. It was a cumbersome activity and cost huge. As in the cloud, it’s not preferable as a wide range of services vary on the configuration of the AMIs. If given the option in the cloud, chances of disasters will be on the rise leading to data recovery more often.
As we all know traditional perimeter security is the use of firewalls which was used as the first line of defense, ever since we felt the need for security systems. Traditional methods have become obsolete and are not supported in Amazon Web services or Amazon EC2. Amazon prefers and supports security groups. A security group can be created for a jump box with ssh access. From that point, a webserver and database group can be created. We can then add the end number of machines to the webserver group and they all take care of the database. No one can directly ssh to any of the machines.
Amazon Simple Queue service is a message-passing system used for communication between different connectors interconnected with each other. It also communicates between all the components of the Amazon web services, keeping all different functional components together.
Amazon Web Services identity and Access Management is a web service that helps us to access Amazon Web Services resources in a secured manner. It a higher grade of authentication and authorization process used for the users of the application.
Amazon Web Services security manager handles the complex responsibility of providing; deploying and managing certificates produced for Amazon Web Services-based websites and applications. ACM certificates are available for use with Elastic load Balancing and Amazon Cloudfront. ACM can be requested to manage the certificates and then use AW Services to provide the ACM certificate for your website or application. ACM certificates cannot be used outside the Amazon Web Services Platform.
Redshift is a rapid, fully managed petabyte-scale data warehouse service that make a simple and very cost-effective way to analyze all data with existing business intelligence tools. It is one of the state of art facilities provided to corporate.
100 buckets can be created in each and every Amazon Web Services accounts. Each and every account needs a separate email identity and relevant data to be unique.
Amazon DynamoDB is a fully managed NoSQL database service that provides speedy and reliable performance with the facility to upscale as and when needed. DynamoDB is a place to generate any number of data that can be stored and retrieved and serve any level of traffic, maintaining its speedy and consistent performances.
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Prasanthi is an expert writer in MongoDB, and has written for various reputable online and print publications. At present, she is working for MindMajix, and writes content not only on MongoDB, but also on Sharepoint, Uipath, and AWS.