Undeniably, Amazon is one of the best and most preferred companies to work at. However, when you apply for an interview at such a prestigious firm, you cannot afford to commit mistakes and let go of an opportunity of being an employee there. Thus, to help you out with that, this post covers the latest Amazon interview questions, well-researched and curated by the MindMajix team.
Regarded as the most customer-centric organization, Amazon was founded on July 5, 1994, by Jeff Bezos. As widely known, it is an American multinational company with a major concentration on a variety of fields, such as e-Commerce, digital streaming, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and more.
Amazon is majorly known for its massive disruption of industries via mass scale and technological innovation. It is the largest online marketplace, cloud computing platform, and AI assistant provider in the world. The company boasts more than six lakh employees from different parts of the globe. Because of being the largest internet company in terms of revenue and the second-largest private employer in the US, Amazon carries the highest brand valuation.
Provided a gamut of services offered by Amazon, it is nothing but obvious that almost every other person wishes to be a part of this organization. So, if you are one among this lot, MindMajix has brought a list of the latest and top Amazon interview questions 2024 for your reference. Navigate through this article and find out what goes behind Amazon interviews to crack one conveniently.
One of the best and easiest ways to come under the eye of Amazon recruiters is by maintaining a good profile on LinkedIn and messaging recruiters there. You can also consider applying on the job portal of Amazon. However, if you have a referral from an existing employee at Amazon, the process can become a bit easier for you.
Along with an initial coding test, Amazon is known for conducting up to four interview rounds. The coding test comprises Data Structure and Algorithm (DS/Algo) problems. While the first round is about evaluating your behavior and computer science knowledge, the remaining three rounds concentrate more on DS/Algo.
In this round, you will be asked behavioral questions and ones related to computer science theory. The questions could be formed to assess your experience at previous organizations along with the conflicts and issues you would have faced with managers or colleagues.
In these rounds, you will be asked about DS/Algo problems where you may have to provide written code. There are chances that you may face a few behavioral questions in these rounds as well. While the problems’ level is anywhere between easy to hard, they are not the only deciding factor behind your hiring. Here, leadership principles come into play as well.
Once the interview rounds are completed, the recruiter will get in touch with you to tell you the verdict.
Once you and the team are ready, to begin with, the job, you will get an offer letter as a testimony to your getting a job at Amazon.
It is a high-level as well as general-purpose programming language. We can build any application in Python for real-world problems. It can be quickly done by using the correct tools and libraries.
Python is an interpreted language that effectively supports modules, exception handling, threads, and memory management.
If you want to enrich your career and become a professional in AWS then enroll in "AWS Training" - This course will help you to achieve excellence in this domain. |
We use the ‘Is’ operator to evaluate whether two variables refer to the same object. In other words, we use this operator to compare the identity of objects.
The test result returns as' true' if the variables refer to the same object. The test result returns as' false' if the variables don't refer to the same object.
Another thing is that the variables must be in the same memory. Otherwise, the 'Is' operator returns a ‘false’ output.
A scope is a block of code with a Python program's objects.
Below are the different scopes used in Python.
Local Scope: It holds the local objects of the current function
Module-level Scope: It represents the global objects of the current module
Global Scope: It refers to the objects that spread throughout a program.
Outermost Scope: It represents the built-in names callable in a program.
Pass is a keyword that represents a null operation. We use the pass keyword to fill up the empty blocks of codes.
The docstring is the short form of documentation string. It is a multiline code string that we use to document code segments. It describes a method or function.
Pickling serializes an object into a byte stream. Pickle. dump () is the function used for serialization.
Unpickling deserializes the byte stream. It means that it converts back the byte stream into objects. Pickle. load () is the function used for deserialization.
Code:
Output:
Yes. Pylint, Prospector, and Codiga are the static code analyzers Python offers. Using these tools, we can identify the errors in the static codes, rectify them, and eventually enhance the quality of the codes.
Package | Module |
It is a collection of different modules. | It is a collection of global variables and functions. |
It is used for code distribution and reuse. | It is used for code organization and reuse |
Numpy, Pandas, and Django are a few examples of packages | Math, os,csv are a few examples of modules. |
Here are the reasons why we prefer NumPy arrays rather than lists.
It is one of the high-level programming languages that functions based on OOP. We can create large-scale applications with Java.
Moreover, Java is a platform-independent language. So we can run Java applications on any platform.
We can use the default constructor to assign default values to different objects. The compiler automatically creates a default constructor if a class doesn't have a constructor. It means that it initializes variables of a class with its default values. The default values can be null for strings, ‘0’ for integers, false for Boolean, etc.
It is a simple but essential note that default constructors are also called ‘No-arg’ constructors.
We can split a string using the following function. In the below example, the string ‘Hello’ is split into two separate strings, as shown in the result.
Program:
Result:
Below are the uses of packages in Java.
Java supports all primitive data types such as byte, int, char, long, etc.
They describe the properties of objects. All the methods of a class can access these variables. They are declared inside a class and outside the methods.
The instance variable improves security and privacy for data. Also, they keep tracking the changes in objects.
HashTable | HashMap |
It is synchronized so that it is best for threaded applications. | It is not synchronized, so it is best for non-threaded applications. |
It doesn’t allow null in keys as well as values. | It allows only one null key. But it will enable any number of null values. |
It doesn’t support the order of insertion. | It supports the order of insertion. |
When the terminating condition of the loop is not found, infinite loops occur in Java. These loops run infinitely unless the program is terminated.
It occurs due to errors in programs most of the time. But sometimes, it is made intentionally to create a wait condition.
We use super keywords to call superclass methods. Not only that, we use super keywords to access the superclass constructor.
The main thing about using the super keyword is that it helps to remove confusion because subclasses and superclasses methods have the same name.
No. We cannot override static methods in Java. This is because method overriding depends on dynamic binding at runtime. But on the contrary, static methods make the static binding at compile time. That’s why we cannot override static methods.
We use the unique constraint to ensure that a column has distinct values entirely. In other words, no two records in a table will contain the same values.
[Related Article: MYSQL Interview Questions]
We apply the minus operator to filter the rows present in the first table but not in the second table.
We use the union operator to combine the results of two SELECT statements. In other words, it eliminates the duplicate values from the two results. Besides, this command returns unique values. Also, all the data types must be the same in the two tables.
We apply intersect operator to detect common rows from the results of two select statements. Similar to the union, the data type must be the same in two tables.
Alias is nothing but a temporary name assigned to a table or table column. Alias is a method that we use to protect the real names of database fields.
Know that a table alias is also called a correlation name. Making aliases improves the readability of codes. Aliases only exist for the duration of the query. We can use the AS keyword to create aliases.
It is opposite to the normalization process. In denormalization, the normalized schema is changed into another schema. This schema usually has redundant information. The essential thing is that performance is improved due to redundancy. Not only that, we need to keep up the redundant data consistent to boost performance.
Regarding scalar functions, they return a single value from the input value.
In aggregate functions, they perform on a set of values and return a single value. Following are a few aggregate functions.
The character manipulation functions generally operate on the character strings. Below is the role of these functions in brief.
We can employ two methods to create a stored procedure in SQL. They are given below:
We use distinct statements to remove duplicate columns from the result set. Following are a few properties of distinct statements.
Cross join | Natural join |
It generates a Cartesian product of two numbers. The size of the result table is nothing but the product of two tables. | It joins two tables. Joining is done based on attribute names and data types. |
Cross-join returns all pairs of rows from the two if no condition is specified. tables. | If no condition is specified, natural join returns rows based on the common column. |
In the linear data structure, data elements are arranged sequentially. It means that each element is connected with its previous and next elements. Arrays, stacks, lists, and queues are examples of linear data structures.
This structure supports single-level storage of data. Mainly, the data elements of this structure have a single relationship only. So traversal of data is done in a single run.
The below image depicts a few applications of data structures and algorithms.
[Related Article: Data Structure Interview Questions]
It is a special data structure that has the binary tree form.
Know that there are two types of heap data structures: max-heap and min-heap.
Regarding max-heap, the root node's value must be higher than the values of other nodes in the tree. On the other hand, the root node of a min-heap has the smallest value of the other nodes.
It is a process that helps to visit all the nodes of a tree. Generally, Links or Edges connect all the nodes in the tree.
There are three types of tree traversal, as shown in the below graphic.
The following image shows the different types of data structures.
We use the ‘queue’ data structure in the BFS algorithm. On the other side, we use the ‘stack’ data structure in the DFS algorithm.
The following are the crucial properties of a BTree.
Below are the problems that can be resolved with dynamic programming algorithms.
Code:
Output:
Code:
Output:
Here are the challenges that data analysts face normally:
EDA stands for Exploratory Data Analysis. It refers to the process of initial data analysis to identify anomalies, discover patterns, and make assumptions.
Further, it helps to understand data and the relationships between them better.
Jotted down are the different sampling tests data analysts perform:
It is a process of analyzing data collected over a while. We must use a large dataset for reliable and consistent time-series analysis.
We use time-series analysis for forecasting the future with the help of historical data.
Below is the image that shows the various hypothesis tests usually performed in data analytics.
Data Profiling | Data Mining |
It analyzes data from an existing source and gathers insights. | It is a process of analyzing the collected data and retrieving insights from the data. |
It can be performed on both data mining as well as data profiling. | It is only performed on structured data. |
Content discovery, Structure discovery, and relationship discovery are a few data profiling tools | Descriptive data mining and Predictive data mining are a few data mining types. |
Microsoft Docs, as well as the Melisa data profiler, are a few tools used for data profiling. | Orange, Weka, Rattle, and are a few tools used for data mining. |
It is also known as Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD). | It is also known as Data Archaeology. |
We can manage missing values in a dataset in the following ways:
We use hierarchical clustering to group objects. In this clustering, the same type of objects is grouped together. In other words, each group is unique.
Dendrogram is the pictorial representation of hierarchical clustering. Besides, we use this clustering in domains such as bioinformatics, information processing, image processing, etc.
Data Lake | Data Warehouse |
It stores all structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data | It stores relational data from databases, transactional systems, and business applications. |
Data has both curated as well as non-curated data. | It has highly curated data. |
Primarily, data scientists use data lakes. | Mostly, business professionals use data warehouses. |
It is highly accessible, and we can make changes quickly. | It is complicated, and changes take time and effort. |
[Related Article: Data Warehouse Interview Questions]
We can identify outliers in a dataset through the following methods:
It is a multidisciplinary approach that we use to retrieve insights from data. The approach includes mathematics, AI, statistics, and computer science. So it is easier to store and manipulate mountains of data with the help of data science.
Furthermore, we can use data science to make descriptive, predictive, diagnostic, and prescriptive analyses.
We can use the following methods for feature selection in machine learning.
We use the Machine-Learning approach to reduce the number of random variables in a problem. As a result, we simplify modeling complex problems, remove redundancy, reduce model overfitting, and so on.
Here is a list of dimensionality reduction methods:
The p-value is used to decide whether to reject the null hypothesis. It is done with the help of a small significance level.
Know that the p-value generally lies between 0 to 1. If the p-value is lesser than the significance level, then there is strong evidence for rejecting the null hypothesis and vice-versa.
ROC refers to Receive Operating Characteristic curve. We use this curve to show the performance of a classification model.
There are two parameters related to this curve: ‘True positive rate’ as well as ‘False positive rate’.
Data Analytics | Data Science |
It requires skills such as BI, SQL, statistics, and programming languages | It involves data modeling, advanced statistics, predictive analysis, and programming skills. |
The Scope is micro in data analytics. | The Scope is macro in data analytics. |
It explores the existing information. | It discovers new questions and finds answers to the questions. |
It is widely used in gaming, healthcare, and so on. | It is commonly used in search engine engineering, ML, etc. |
Supervised Learning | Unsupervised Learning |
We use labeled data to train models. | We use unlabeled data to train models. |
This approach helps to predict outputs. | This approach helps to find hidden patterns as well as valuable insights. |
It needs supervision to train models. | It doesn’t need supervision to train models. |
It generates accurate results | The results generated in this approach are not accurate. |
It consists of various algorithms such as linear regression, Bayesian logic, support vector machine, etc | It includes multiple algorithms such as the Apriori and clustering algorithm. |
We can prevent overfitting a model by using the following methods:
We should maintain a deployed model in the following steps:
Wide-format | Long format |
Data items do not repeat in the first column | Data items repeat in the first column |
When you are analyzing data, it is better to use a wide format. | We can use a long form when you want to visualize multiple variables. |
There are a total of five rounds at Amazon. The four rounds are dedicated to data structures and algorithms; one round is for system design, and one round is the HR interview round.
The interview toughness majorly depends upon the hard work you have put into the preparation. Generally, the questions asked are standard interview questions and range between easy to medium level. However, it varies as per the position you have applied for.
You can apply for a job by visiting the Amazon Jobs Portals and finding a vacancy that matches your experience and skill set.
Yes, you can apply for multiple roles at Amazon, given they match your skills and interests.
To prepare for an Amazon online interview, focus on behavioral-based questions. Format your responses through the STAR method. Be as thorough with details as possible. Also, concentrate on “I.”
You can question the interviewer about the company's culture and the current technologies being used there. You can also ask about future innovations that Amazon is working on.
Practice as much as you can. Put plenty of effort into solving challenging problems on Data Structures and Algorithms. Carry a good knowledge of basic computer science concepts, like operating systems, object-oriented programming, computer networks, and more.
No, Amazon does not believe in imposing a dress code.
The company follows the below-mentioned leadership principles:
Now that you are aware of the rich heritage, work culture, and leadership principles of Amazon, you would be more tempted than ever to get a job there, right? So, here are some tips to crack Amazon interviews and be a part of this organization.
Understanding everything about what goes in an Amazon interview gives you an upper hand compared to your competitors. So, with this list of 40 Amazon interview questions with answers, you can prepare well and rarely go silent in front of the interviewer. If you want to enrich your career and become a professional in AWS then enroll in "AWS Training" - This course will help you to achieve excellence in this domain.
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Although from a small-town, Himanshika dreams big to accomplish varying goals. Working in the content writing industry for more than 5 years now, she has acquired enough experience while catering to several niches and domains. Currently working on her technical writing skills with Mindmajix, Himanshika is looking forward to explore the diversity of the IT industry. You can reach out to her on LinkedIn.